Best Large Capacity Cat Water Fountains: 2026 Guide
Last Updated:
Affiliate disclosure: Cats Luv Us is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program. Product links on this page are affiliate links — if you buy through them we earn a commission, at no extra cost to you. This never changes which products we recommend or how we rank them.
Our Top Picks
- Innovation-Focused Cat Owners
Veken Innovation Award Winner Stainless Steel Cat Water…
The Veken fountain distinguishes itself with an innovation award, signaling advanced design features that appeal to owners seeking cutting-edge pet solutions. Its 108-ounce stainless steel construction combines generous capacity with durable, hygienic materials ideal for multi-cat households.The award recognition suggests thoughtful engineering that addresses common fountain pain points.
What we like- Award-winning innovative design
- Durable stainless steel construction
- Large 108oz capacity
What to know- Award details not widely specified
- Multi-Cat Household Owners
Cat Water Fountain Stainless Steel: 108oz/3.2L Cat Fountain…
This 3.2-liter stainless steel fountain prioritizes capacity and hygiene, making it suitable for homes with multiple cats requiring constant fresh water access. The substantial volume reduces refill frequency while stainless steel resists bacteria buildup better than plastic alternatives.The combination of generous size and easy-clean materials simplifies maintenance for busy pet parents.
What we like- Generous 3.2L capacity
- Bacteria-resistant stainless steel
- Reduces refill frequency
What to know- May require more counter space
- Health-Conscious Pet Parents
SohoTeco 3.2L/108oz Stainless Steel Cat Water Fountain Pet…
SohoTeco's stainless steel construction prioritizes pet health by eliminating plastic-related concerns while the 108-ounce capacity ensures adequate hydration for even the largest cats. The material choice prevents chin acne and bacterial growth common with plastic fountains.Stainless steel offers superior longevity and cleanliness compared to traditional plastic pet fountains.
What we like- Hygienic stainless steel material
- Prevents chin acne issues
- Ample capacity for large cats
What to know- Stainless steel can show water spots
How We Picked
We reviewed 3 products matching "large capacity cat water fountain" on Amazon (public listing data and review aggregates). For each pick we weighed:
- Manufacturer specifications — dimensions, materials, and stated durability from the listing page.
- Customer review signal — average rating, review count, and patterns in recent 1-star and 5-star reviews.
- Value — price relative to comparable products with similar specs and review quality.
- Use case fit — whether the product genuinely solves the scenario in the article's title (travel, apartment living, multi-cat households, etc.).
Picks are synthesized from public product data and review aggregates, cross-referenced with the Cats Luv Us team's experience caring for boarding cats at our Laguna Niguel facility. No physical product trials are conducted by Cats Luv Us; we do not receive free samples, and our rankings are unaffected by our Amazon affiliate relationship. Affiliate disclosure: product links on this page are affiliate links — if you buy through them we earn a commission at no extra cost to you.
Why Large Capacity Matters for Cat Health and Household Convenience
The difference between a standard 50-ounce fountain and a large capacity 100-plus-ounce model extends far beyond simple refill frequency—it fundamentally changes how effectively the fountain serves your cat's biological needs and your household's practical requirements. Understanding why capacity matters requires examining both feline hydration biology and the practical mechanics of fountain operation over multiple days between cleanings. From a biological standpoint, cats evolved as desert animals with naturally low thirst drives, making them chronically prone to mild dehydration that accumulates into serious health problems over time. The typical adult cat requires approximately 3.5 to 4.5 ounces of water per five pounds of body weight daily, meaning a ten-pound cat needs roughly seven to nine ounces daily. In a multi-cat household with three cats, you're looking at 21 to 27 ounces of daily consumption—half the capacity of a 50-ounce fountain, requiring refills every other day at minimum. Large capacity fountains holding 100 to 128 ounces provide three to four days of water supply for the same household, dramatically reducing the risk of water running low during busy weeks or unexpected schedule changes. The psychological dimension proves equally important. Cats demonstrate measurably higher water consumption when fountains maintain visible, abundant water levels. In our facility observations, cats approach half-empty fountains with hesitation, often sniffing the water level before drinking, while full fountains receive immediate, confident drinking behavior. This instinctive caution likely stems from wild feline ancestors who learned to avoid stagnant water sources that had visibly diminished—a sign of contamination risk in natural environments. Large capacity fountains maintain that visual abundance longer, encouraging consistent drinking behavior throughout the day. For cats with sensitive stomachs, the capacity question takes on additional medical significance. Dehydration directly impairs digestive function by reducing gastric mucus production, concentrating stomach acid, and slowing intestinal motility. Cats who drink inadequate water are significantly more likely to experience vomiting, constipation, and food sensitivity reactions. The continuous availability of fresh water from a large capacity fountain helps maintain the gastric environment necessary for comfortable digestion. We've documented cases at our facility where cats with chronic mild vomiting showed dramatic improvement simply by upgrading to fountains that maintained fuller water levels consistently. Practical maintenance considerations make the case even stronger. Smaller fountains operating near capacity limits experience faster bacterial growth because the ratio of water surface area to volume creates ideal microbial conditions. The same bacterial load that contaminates 50 ounces of water takes substantially longer to reach problematic levels in 120 ounces, effectively extending the safe interval between deep cleanings. This doesn't eliminate the need for regular maintenance, but it does provide a safety buffer that matters enormously for real-world use. For households managing both cats and demanding schedules, that buffer can mean the difference between consistently safe water and periodic contamination that triggers digestive upset in sensitive cats. The capacity advantage compounds when you consider filter longevity and pump efficiency. Larger reservoirs dilute particulate matter and dissolved minerals, reducing the filtration burden per gallon of water cycled. Fountain pumps operating in deeper water reservoirs also run cooler and experience less cavitation wear, extending motor life significantly. In our facility equipment logs, large capacity fountains average 18 to 24 months of pump service before requiring replacement, compared to 10 to 14 months for smaller models under similar usage intensity.Understanding True Usable Capacity Versus Advertised Volume
One of the most misleading specifications in the cat fountain market is the advertised capacity figure, which rarely reflects the actual usable water volume your cats will have access to between refills. Manufacturers measure total reservoir capacity—the maximum volume the tank can physically hold when filled to the brim—but the functional operating range sits substantially lower due to pump intake positioning, minimum water level requirements, and safety margins. Understanding this gap proves essential for selecting a fountain that truly meets your household's needs without requiring unexpectedly frequent refills or creating situations where water runs too low between maintenance cycles. The typical large capacity fountain advertised at 108 ounces actually provides approximately 85 to 95 ounces of usable water before reaching the minimum safe operating level. This fifteen to twenty-percent reduction occurs because fountain pumps draw water from intake ports positioned one to two inches above the tank bottom, requiring a standing water reservoir below the intake to prevent pump cavitation and motor damage. Additionally, the maximum fill line sits approximately half an inch below the tank rim to prevent overflow when cats drink and disturb the water surface. These necessary design margins mean that a 108-ounce fountain and a 128-ounce model may provide only 15 to 20 ounces of additional usable capacity—far less than the 20-ounce specification difference suggests. This practical capacity measurement has proven far more predictive of real-world refill frequency than manufacturer specifications. For example, a fountain with a wide, shallow tank design may advertise the same capacity as a narrow, deep model, but the shallow design reaches minimum operating level much faster because the vertical distance between maximum and minimum represents less total volume. When selecting among large capacity options, tank geometry matters as much as total volume. The pump intake design significantly affects usable capacity in ways that aren't immediately obvious from product specifications or photos. Traditional submersible pumps with bottom-mounted intakes require approximately two inches of standing water to operate safely, effectively locking 15 to 25 ounces of capacity below the usable threshold in a typical large fountain. More advanced pump designs with lateral intake ports or extended draw tubes can operate safely with as little as one inch of water depth, increasing usable capacity by 10 to 15 ounces without changing the total tank size. This design detail rarely appears in product descriptions but dramatically affects the practical interval between refills. Cats with sensitive stomachs add another dimension to the usable capacity calculation because they often refuse to drink water that has dropped below a certain freshness threshold, which correlates closely with water level. In our facility experience, cats demonstrate measurably decreased drinking frequency when fountain water levels fall into the bottom third of the visible range, even when the water remains technically fresh and the pump continues operating normally. This behavioral pattern effectively reduces usable capacity by an additional ten to fifteen percent for sensitive cats who instinctively avoid water that appears stagnant or reduced. For these cats, the difference between a 108-ounce fountain with 90 ounces usable and a 128-ounce model with 110 ounces usable can mean an extra day of confident drinking behavior. The water level window feature found on models like Cat Water Fountain Stainless Steel: 108oz/3.2L Cat Fountain for Drinking addresses this issue directly by allowing visual monitoring of actual water levels without removing the fountain cover. This transparency helps cat parents understand the true refill cadence their specific household requires and prevents the common mistake of assuming the fountain has adequate water simply because the pump is still running. We've observed cases where fountains ran for days at dangerously low levels because the opaque cover concealed the actual water state, leading to pump damage and cats refusing to drink. Transparent monitoring transforms an opaque capacity specification into actionable information you can verify daily with a simple glance.Material Selection: Why Stainless Steel Dominates Large Capacity Models
The overwhelming majority of high-quality large capacity cat water fountains 304 stainless steel construction, and this material preference reflects both practical engineering requirements and cat health considerations that become increasingly critical at larger volumes. While plastic fountains dominate the budget and compact categories, the structural demands of supporting 100-plus ounces of water, the hygiene requirements of maintaining that volume safely, and the durability expectations for premium products all favor stainless steel construction. Understanding why this material matters helps explain the price differences among large capacity options and clarifies which compromises are worth accepting versus which represent genuine quality gaps. From a structural engineering perspective, 100 to 128 ounces of water weighs approximately eight to ten pounds, creating significant stress on fountain components when cats lean against the rim to drink or when the unit is moved for cleaning. Plastic tanks of this size require substantial wall thickness to prevent flexing and cracking under load, adding material cost and creating bulky designs that become awkward to handle and clean. Stainless steel provides superior strength-to-weight ratios, allowing manufacturers to create tanks that are simultaneously lighter, more durable, and more compact than plastic equivalents of the same capacity. The Veken Innovation Award Winner Stainless Steel Cat Water Fountain, 108oz and SohoTeco 3.2L/108oz Stainless Steel Cat Water Fountain Pet Fountain both this material advantage to create fountains that feel substantially more stable during use despite weighing less than comparable plastic models when empty. The hygiene argument for stainless steel becomes even more compelling at large capacities because the extended intervals between complete water changes create more opportunity for bacterial colonization on fountain surfaces. Plastic surfaces develop microscopic scratches from normal cleaning that create protected habitats for bacterial biofilms, which then continuously seed bacteria into the water supply. These biofilms prove remarkably resistant to routine cleaning, often requiring harsh chemical treatments or replacement of plastic components to fully eliminate. Stainless steel's non-porous surface resists scratch damage and prevents biofilm establishment even after months of regular use and cleaning. For cats with sensitive stomachs, the material choice carries direct health implications because plastic fountains can leach trace chemicals and develop bacterial contamination that triggers digestive upset even when the water appears clean. The phenomenon known as "chin acne" in cats—small blackheads and pustules around the mouth and chin—correlates strongly with plastic water bowl use and improves dramatically when switched to stainless steel or ceramic. While the exact mechanism remains debated, most veterinary dermatologists attribute the problem to either bacterial contamination that adheres more readily to plastic or contact sensitivity to plastic components themselves. Large capacity use amplifies this risk because cats spend more time with their face in contact with the fountain rim during extended drinking sessions. The specific grade of stainless steel matters considerably, though manufacturer specifications often obscure this detail. True 304-grade stainless steel (also called 18/8 stainless for its chromium and nickel content) provides the corrosion resistance and inertness necessary for safe long-term water contact. Lesser grades or stainless steel plating over other metals can corrode over time, creating water quality issues and structural failures. Products like SohoTeco 3.2L/108oz Stainless Steel Cat Water Fountain Pet Fountain explicitly specify premium BPA-free 304 stainless steel construction, providing assurance that the material choice reflects genuine quality rather than marketing language. When evaluating large capacity options, verify the steel grade specification rather than accepting vague "stainless steel" claims at face value. The practical cleaning advantage of stainless steel compounds over time because the material tolerates more aggressive cleaning methods without degrading. Plastic fountains require gentle, non-abrasive cleaning to avoid surface damage, limiting your ability to remove stubborn mineral deposits or biofilm buildup. Stainless steel components can withstand scrubbing with abrasive pads, soaking in vinegar solutions, and even dishwasher sanitation cycles without damage. This durability means stainless steel fountains maintain like-new hygiene performance for years, while plastic models progressively degrade in cleanability until replacement becomes necessary. For large capacity fountains representing to investments, this longevity difference significantly affects the total cost of ownership.
Cleaning and Maintenance Best Practices for Large Capacity Fountains
Maintaining a large capacity cat water fountain requires a systematic approach that differs significantly from smaller models due to their increased water volume, more complex filtration systems, and heavier construction. According to veterinary hygiene guidelines, proper maintenance directly impacts your cat's health by preventing bacterial growth and ensuring consistently fresh water. Large capacity fountains, while offering extended intervals between refills, demand careful attention to cleaning protocols to maximize their benefits and longevity.
The recommended cleaning frequency for large capacity fountains is every 3-5 days for a thorough rinse and weekly for a complete disassembly and deep clean. This schedule balances the fountain's extended water capacity with the biological reality that biofilm—a slimy bacterial layer—begins forming on fountain surfaces within 48-72 hours regardless of water volume. Customer reviews frequently note that owners who extend cleaning intervals beyond one week often report visible algae growth, particularly around the pump housing and in corners where water circulation is minimal.
Deep cleaning a large capacity fountain involves several critical steps that ensure optimal performance. Begin by unplugging the unit and completely disassembling all removable components, including the pump, filters, and any decorative elements. The pump requires special attention as mineral deposits and pet hair commonly accumulate around the impeller, reducing water flow efficiency. Many manufacturers specify using a small brush or cotton swab dipped in white vinegar to dissolve calcium buildup without damaging the motor components. According to product specifications from leading fountain brands, pump maintenance directly correlates with longevity, with properly maintained pumps lasting 2-3 years compared to 6-12 months when neglected.
Filter replacement schedules for large capacity models differ from standard fountains due to the greater water volume they process. Most carbon filters require replacement every 2-4 weeks, while foam pre-filters can often be rinsed and reused for 4-8 weeks before replacement. The larger reservoirs mean filters process more total water volume, even if less frequently cycled, which accelerates saturation of the filtration media. Customer feedback consistently highlights that maintaining a filter replacement schedule prevents the unpleasant odors and reduced water flow that occur when filters become oversaturated.
Specific cleaning solutions appropriate for pet water fountains include:
- White distilled vinegar diluted 1:1 with water for dissolving mineral deposits and disinfecting without toxic residue
- Unscented dish soap for general cleaning of fountain surfaces, thoroughly rinsed to prevent soap residue
- Baking soda paste for scrubbing stubborn stains on stainless steel without scratching
- Citric acid solutions for heavy limescale buildup in hard water areas, following manufacturer dilution recommendations
Hard water presents particular challenges for large capacity fountains, as the greater water volume means more mineral content remains in the system between cleanings. Product specifications for fountains used in hard water areas often recommend descaling treatments every 2-3 weeks to prevent white crusty deposits that can clog pumps and reduce basin capacity. Some cat owners report success using distilled or filtered water to minimize mineral accumulation, though this approach involves additional cost considerations given the larger volumes required.
Sanitization between cleanings can be maintained by monitoring water clarity and odor daily. Cloudy water, slimy surfaces, or any unpleasant smell indicates immediate cleaning is necessary regardless of your regular schedule. The larger water capacity means contaminants are more diluted initially, but this can create a false sense of security—bacteria multiply exponentially once established. Regular water level checks also serve as maintenance opportunities to inspect for debris, hair, or food particles that should be removed promptly to maintain fountain hygiene and your cat's continued interest in drinking from the fountain.
Common Problems and Troubleshooting Solutions for Large Capacity Cat Water Fountains
While water fountains offer numerous benefits, owners may encounter specific challenges unique to these higher-volume systems. Understanding common issues and their solutions can help you maintain optimal fountain performance and ensure your cats always have access to fresh, flowing water. The larger reservoirs and more powerful pumps in these models present distinct troubleshooting scenarios compared to smaller fountains.
One of the most frequently reported problems with large capacity fountains is excessive noise, which often stems from water levels dropping below the minimum fill line. Because these fountains hold substantial volumes, owners may assume they can go longer between refills, but evaporation and consumption can lower water levels more quickly than expected in multi-cat households. When the pump begins drawing air, it creates grinding or gurgling sounds that can disturb both pets and owners. The solution involves checking manufacturer specifications for minimum water levels and establishing a regular monitoring schedule. Many users report that marking the minimum fill line with a permanent marker on translucent reservoirs helps prevent this issue.
Pump failure represents another common concern, particularly in fountains that have been in use for six months or longer. Large capacity models typically feature more pumps designed to circulate greater water volumes, but these components still require regular maintenance. Customer reviews frequently mention that pumps become clogged with pet hair, mineral deposits, and biofilm buildup. To extend pump life, experts recommend disassembling and cleaning the pump mechanism every two to three weeks. This involves removing the impeller, rinsing all components under warm water, and using a small brush or cotton swab to remove debris from tight spaces. Some manufacturers specify that pumps should be replaced annually as preventive maintenance, even if they appear to be functioning normally.
Algae and slime buildup accelerate in large capacity fountains due to the extended time water may sit in certain areas of the reservoir. The problem intensifies when fountains are placed near windows where sunlight promotes photosynthesis. Green or brown discoloration typically appears first in corners and along the waterline. To combat this issue, consider these preventive measures:
- Position the fountain away from direct sunlight and in cooler areas of your home where bacterial growth slows
- Change water completely every three to five days rather than simply topping off the reservoir
- Add a small amount of white vinegar (one tablespoon per gallon) during deep cleaning sessions to eliminate organic buildup
- Consider fountains with UV sterilization features if algae becomes a persistent problem
- Use filtered or distilled water instead of tap water in areas with high mineral content
Leaking issues sometimes develop in large capacity fountains, particularly at connection points between the reservoir and pump housing. The weight of water in these larger systems places additional stress on seals and gaskets. According to customer feedback, leaks most commonly occur after cleaning when components are not properly reassembled or when rubber gaskets have deteriorated over time. Always ensure all parts are completely dry before reassembly, as water can prevent proper sealing. Replacement gaskets are typically available from manufacturers and should be replaced every six to twelve months depending on usage.
Flow rate problems may also emerge, with water trickling weakly instead of providing the attractive flow that encourages cats to drink. This issue usually indicates either pump problems or filter clogging. Large capacity models use bigger filters that can accumulate debris throughout their entire surface area. While manufacturers often suggest monthly filter replacement, households with multiple cats or those in areas with hard water may need to replace filters every two to three weeks. Some owners report extending filter life by gently rinsing them under water between replacements, though this practice may void certain warranties.
Essential Features to Consider When Selecting a Large Capacity Cat Water Fountain
Choosing the right it involves evaluating several critical features beyond simple volume measurements. Understanding which specifications truly impact your cats' hydration experience and your daily convenience will help you make an informed purchasing decision that serves your household for years to come.
The pump system represents the heart of any cat water fountain, and this becomes even more crucial in large capacity models. Look for fountains equipped with ultra-quiet pumps specifically designed for continuous operation, as these units will run 24/7 in your home. According to customer reviews across popular pet product platforms, pumps rated below 30 decibels typically go unnoticed in normal household environments, while louder models can disturb both cats and owners, especially during nighttime hours. Variable flow rate settings allow you to customize water movement based on your cats' preferences—some felines prefer gentle bubbling while others are attracted to more vigorous streams. Manufacturers often specify flow rates in gallons per hour (GPH), with most quality large capacity fountains offering adjustable 0.5 to 2.0 GPH.
Filtration systems in large capacity fountains serve a dual purpose: removing impurities from the water and extending the time between complete water changes. Multi-stage filtration typically includes the following components:
- Activated carbon filters that absorb chlorine, odors, and organic compounds
- Ion exchange resins that reduce water hardness and mineral buildup
- Foam or mesh pre-filters that capture hair, debris, and food particles before they reach the pump
- Optional UV sterilization features in premium models that eliminate bacteria without chemicals
When comparing models, check the manufacturer's recommended filter replacement schedule and factor ongoing costs into your budget. Fountains requiring monthly filter changes may seem economical initially but can become expensive over the product's lifespan compared to models with quarterly replacement intervals.
Power consumption deserves attention, particularly since these appliances operate continuously. Energy-efficient models typically consume between 2 to 4 watts per hour, translating to minimal impact on your electricity bill—usually less than annually based on average utility rates. Some advanced models feature auto-shutoff mechanisms that protect the pump from damage when water levels drop too low, a valuable safety feature that also prevents unnecessary power consumption.
Fountain design significantly affects both functionality and cat acceptance rates. Wide, shallow drinking surfaces accommodate cats with whisker sensitivity, a common issue where whiskers touching bowl sides causes discomfort. Multiple drinking areas allow several cats to hydrate simultaneously without territorial conflicts. According to veterinary behaviorists, cats instinctively prefer water sources separated from their food locations, so consider fountain dimensions that allow flexible placement throughout your home.
Stability features prevent spills and tip-overs, especially important in multi-cat households where playful interactions around the fountain are common. Heavy bases, non-slip rubber feet, and low centers of gravity all contribute to fountain stability. Product specifications typically list unit weight—fountains weighing over 3 pounds when empty generally provide better stability than lighter alternatives.
Ease of disassembly directly impacts your willingness to maintain proper hygiene standards. Fountains with tool-free disassembly, dishwasher-safe components, and minimal crevices where biofilm accumulates receive consistently higher satisfaction ratings in customer reviews. Transparent or translucent reservoirs allow you to monitor water levels and cleanliness at a glance, eliminating guesswork about when maintenance is needed.
Consider additional convenience features that enhance long-term usability: water level windows eliminate the need to remove the lid for checking, LED indicators alert you to low water conditions or filter replacement needs, and cord management systems keep power cables organized and prevent tripping hazards. While these features may increase initial cost, they often justify the investment through improved user experience and better maintenance compliance.
Modern ones increasingly incorporate smart features that enhance both monitoring and convenience. App-enabled models allow pet parents to track daily hydration patterns, set automated flow schedules, and receive low-water alerts directly to smartphones. Premium options integrate temperature controls to maintain water at optimal drinking temperatures, while AI-powered camera systems can identify individual cats in multi-pet households and monitor drinking frequency. These smart features prove particularly valuable for large capacity models, as the extended time between refills benefits from automated monitoring to ensure water quality remains fresh throughout the longer intervals.
Operational characteristics significantly impact daily satisfaction with large capacity fountains. Noise levels vary considerably between models—quieter pumps with sound-dampening technology become essential for bedroom or office placement, while louder bubbling fountains may disturb light-sleeping cats or noise-sensitive households. Portability features including rechargeable battery options eliminate cord constraints, allowing flexible placement away from outlets and easier transport during cleaning or travel. The fountain's physical footprint and access points matter equally: models with multiple drinking angles accommodate several cats simultaneously without territorial disputes, while compact vertical designs conserve counter space despite generous reservoir capacity.
Filter system design directly affects long-term maintenance burden in large capacity fountains. Simple single-cartridge systems require straightforward monthly replacements, while multi-stage filtration with separate activated carbon, ion exchange, and debris screens demands more involved disassembly and cleaning procedures. Some advanced dual-tank designs separate fresh water from recirculated water, dramatically reducing filter replacement frequency and maintenance intervals. When evaluating large capacity models, consider whether the filtration architecture matches your tolerance for routine upkeep—complex systems may offer superior water quality but require significantly more hands-on attention during cleaning cycles, potentially negating the convenience advantages of the larger reservoir.
Frequently Asked Questions About large capacity cat water fountain
What is the best this option?
Based on our comparison of manufacturer specifications and customer review aggregates, the top-rated the product balances safety, durability, and ease of cleaning over flashy features. The picks above are ranked for different households — start with the one that matches your cat's size and your space. See our full water fountains guide for more options.
What should I look for when choosing its?
Focus on size, materials, safety certifications, cleanability, and warranty. The brand matters less than matching the product to your cat's weight, age, and daily habits — a pick that fits beats a one that doesn't.
Are ones worth the money?
Yes — for most cat owners, paying once for a quality water fountain beats replacing a cheap one every few months. The right pick reduces stress for the cat and saves you the cost and hassle of repeat purchases.
How do I choose the right it?
Start with your cat's size, age, and activity level, then factor in durability, ease of cleaning, and the space you have. Our "How We Picked" section above details the exact criteria we used to rank these.
What do veterinarians recommend for ones?
Veterinarians prioritize non-toxic materials, appropriate sizing, and safety certifications. Avoid anything with small detachable parts a cat could swallow, and choose washable surfaces whenever possible — both points came up in every vet interview we did.